Many enterprise IT departments have become big fans of an “API-first“ strategy. I think that in general, this is a bad idea. (Thread)

Apr 15, 2020 · 9:28 AM UTC

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When you start with APIs, you really have to have a very good grasp of what that API’s users will need. You typically don’t. Instead, you try to come up with things that will “obviously” be re-usable, and end up with things that are not even useful.
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Most often, APIs are shaped, and almost always restricted, by the capabilities of underlying systems they encapsulate. That’s great if these are great. They typically aren’t.
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An API-first strategy assumes that great applications can be built by “just” “orchestrating” the capabilities exposed through APIs. That’s true for some applications, but not for many, and typically not for great ones.
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Unless APIs are the actual product you provide to your outside customers, the horizontal divide created by putting an API boundary between your end users and the business logic (and the resulting Conway’s law effects) will create lots of pain and little value.
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In many cases, an API-centric strategy is a sign of the strategists not wanting to have to deal with actual end users and their needs. It’s much easier to create re-usable services that someone else has to assemble, and even easier to create a meta-strategy for that.
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(On the plus side, an API-first strategy works great if you have an API gateway product to sell, or want to legitimize legacy systems that are slowing you down by putting a “bi-modal” or “two-speed IT” sticker on them)
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I blame most of the disasters in modern enterprise IT strategy on the fact that it’s people like me – backend architects with way too little focus on UI/UX aspects – who have been put at the controls for far too long.
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You need a strategy for modular application delivery, not only including, but starting from, end-user needs. APIs are a meaningful means to an end for that. Starting with them is going to end badly, independently from your choice of protocol or data format.
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Replying to @stilkov
"Outside In" mindset is required on whether API or UX/UI.
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Replying to @stilkov
API-first implies a solution, before there is a problem. That hasn't been the best strategy, in my experience.
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Replying to @stilkov
If you ever faced the problems stated in Hyrum's Law then API first even makes less sense :/ --> It doesn't matter what you promise in the contract, all observable behaviors of your system will be depended on by somebody. hyrumslaw.com/
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Replying to @stilkov
For sure APIs are more reusable than point2point integrations but that requires many consumers, which most enterprise ITs does not have. Also it’s hard to make a good generic APi when you are both the producer and (in most cases) the only consumer
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Replying to @stilkov
I've always deduced the Backend API from the defined UI features. That is the way that imho makes the most sense for APIs that provide data for your own applications. Nice to see that you agree. Might differ when creating a general purpose API for partners or the public, though
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Replying to @stilkov
Do you think that Consumer-Driven Contracts can solve this problem and shift the focus back to the consumer?
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This tweet is unavailable
If you provide an API as a product, e.g. as a SaaS provider, you’ll consider the developers your end users. If that’s not the case, my point is that you’re right: Your end users don’t care about APIs, so you shouldn’t put them at the center
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